Ebola, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), malaria, antibiotic-resistant infections: Is our interaction with the environment somehow responsible for their increased incidence?
Through the Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases (EEID) program, researchers will pursue research on how interactions between the environment and humans foster the spread of infectious diseases.
The EEID program, sponsored jointly by the National Science Foundation (NSF), National Institutes of Health (NIH) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)– and in collaboration with the U.K.’s Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)–have awarded more than $12 million in new EEID grants.
“Recent outbreaks such as the Ebola and MERS viruses, as well as growing threats such as Lyme disease, demonstrate the need for fundamental understanding of pathogen movement and evolution,” says Sam Scheiner, NSF program director for EEID.
“This year’s EEID awards will contribute to the broader understanding of these threats the program has provided. Because of this increasing body of knowledge, we’re able to respond to these new threats more efficiently and effectively.”
Now in its 14th year as an interagency partnership, the program has supported 124 research projects.
Projects funded through the EEID program allow scientists to study how large-scale environmental events–such as habitat destruction, invasions of non-native species and pollution–alter the risks of emergence of viral, parasitic and bacterial diseases in humans and other animals.
“The EEID program allows us to access predictive power to more effectively respond to infectious disease,” says Daniel Janes, an EEID program director at NIH. “EEID’s lines of research seek to identify common dynamics of pathogens that can lead to better prevention of future threats to human health.”
Researchers supported by the EEID program are advancing basic theory related to infectious diseases and improving understanding of how pathogens spread through populations.
The benefits of research on the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases include development of theories about how diseases are transmitted, improved understanding of unintended health effects of building projects, increased capacity to forecast disease outbreaks, and knowledge of how infectious diseases emerge and re-emerge.
“Agriculture is inextricably linked to the health of the people of the United States and the world–a fact that is made clear as we fight animal and plant diseases,” says Sonny Ramaswamy, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture director.
“Research on the evolution and spread of infectious diseases will have a profound effect on our understanding of how to develop solutions that ensure safe and secure food and health for the American people.”
This year’s EEID awardees will conduct research on such topics as: the effects of landscape structure on disease dynamics; the risk of animal and plant infectious diseases through trade; ants as a model system to study processes influencing the transmission of infectious diseases; mycobacterial transmission in agricultural systems; and the effect of host vaccinations and genetic disease resistance on pathogen transmission, ecology and epidemiology.
“In addition to human health, the health of our livestock and crops is dependent on fundamental research on infectious diseases,” says Jackie Hunter, BBSRC chief executive.
“As new threats emerge, this knowledge will enable us to respond more rapidly and effectively to safeguard health and food security.”
EEID 2014 grant awardees include:
- David Hughes, Pennsylvania State University-University Park: Ants as a model system to study processes that influence the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases
- Charles Perrings, Arizona State University: US-UK Collab: Risks of Animal and Plant Infectious Diseases through Trade (RAPID Trade)
- Sue VandeWoude, Colorado State University: Impacts of Landscape Structure, Host Demography, and Management Interventions on Disease Dynamics
- Yrjo Grohn, Cornell University: US-UK Collab: Mycobacterial Transmission Dynamics in Agricultural Systems: Integrating Phylogenetics, Epidemiology, Ecology, and Economics
- Andrew Wargo, College of William & Mary: The Impacts of Host Vaccination and Genetic Disease Resistance on Pathogen Transmission, Ecology, and Epidemiology
The EEID program is currently seeking proposals for funding in FY2015, further supporting research on principles and processes that influence the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases.
Source: National Science Foundation, adapted
